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News Type: Research

A snapshot in time: Study captures fleeting genetic mutations that can alter disease risk

A study examines stem cells as they differentiate into heart muscle cells, finding that small, fleeting genetic mutations can affect disease risk over time.

Drug crystals to prevent medical device fibrosis

Working with researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Joshua Doloff has devised a new way to prevent medical device fibrosis.

Brain changes linked with Alzheimer’s years before symptoms appear

In a records review of 290 people at risk for Alzheimer’s disease, scientists at Johns Hopkins say they have identified an average level of biological and anatomical brain changes linked to Alzheimer’s disease that occur three to 10 years — some even more than 30 years — before the disease’s first recognizable symptoms appear.

‘Google Maps’ for cancer: Image-based computer model reveals finer details of tumor blood flow behavior

Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers develop an image-based computer model of tumor behavior that captures more of the complexity of cancer growth.

Johns Hopkins teams up with U.C. Davis and Save the Redwoods League to sequence the first coast redwood genome

Steven Salzberg, Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of biomedical engineering at Johns Hopkins University, collaborated with researchers from the University of California, Davis and Save the Redwoods League to successfully sequence the coast redwood and giant sequoia genomes.

Scientists advance creation of ‘artificial lymph node’ to fight cancer, other diseases

In a proof-of-principle study in mice, PhD candidate John Hickey and scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine report the creation of a specialized gel that acts like a lymph node to successfully activate and multiply cancer-fighting immune system T-cells.

After returning from space, astronaut has no lingering, major epigenetic differences from earthbound twin brother

In a landmark study, a group of U.S. scientists from Johns Hopkins, Stanford University and other institutions has found no long-lasting, major differences between the epigenomes of astronaut Scott Kelly, who spent a year in space aboard the International Space Station, and his twin brother, Mark, who remained on Earth.

Experimental drug delivers one-two punch to vision loss

In studies with lab-grown human cells and in mice, Aleksander Popel and other Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have found that an experimental drug may be twice as good at fighting vision loss as previously thought.

Mini microscope is the new GoPro for studies of brain disease in living mice

Working with mice, a team of Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers has developed a relatively inexpensive, portable mini microscope that could improve scientists’ ability to image the effects of cancer, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions in the brains of living and active mice over time.

New computer program reduces spine surgery errors linked to “wrong level” labeling

Researchers at Johns Hopkins report that a computer program they designed may help surgeons identify and label spinal segments during real time operating room procedures and avoid the costly and potentially debilitating consequences of operating on the wrong segment.

Study defines differences among brain neurons that coincide with psychiatric conditions

In a new study focusing on four regions of normal human brain tissue, Johns Hopkins scientists have found about 13,000 regions of epigenetic differences between neurons in different brain regions that vary by at least 10 percent.

How the brain decides whether to hold ’em or fold ’em

A team led by Sridevi Sarma, associate professor of biomedical engineering at Johns Hopkins, has found that the decision to “up the ante” even in the face of long odds is the result of an internal bias that adds up over time and involves a “push-pull” dynamic between the brain’s two hemispheres.

Sweet Sensation

When graduate student Luke Osborn needed to test the fingertip sensors he’d spent years developing for prosthesis wearers, he didn’t have far to look. The ensuing collaboration and results hold big promise for amputees.

The richer the reward, the faster you’ll likely move to reach it, study shows

If you are wondering how long you personally are willing to stand in line to buy that hot new holiday gift, scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say the answer may be found in the biological rules governing how animals typically forage for food and other rewards.

Widely used reference for the human genome is missing 300 million bits of DNA

In a new analysis, Johns Hopkins scientists say that the collective genomes of 910 people of African descent have a large chunk — about 300 million bits — of genetic material missing from the basic reference genome.

Do Robot Swarms Work Like Brains?

A new Johns Hopkins study explores navigation similarities between the mind and robot swarms.

Identical driver gene mutations found in metastatic cancers

Driver genes in different metastases from the same patient are remarkably similar, providing optimism for the success of future targeted therapies, according to a published study by Science.

3D virtual simulation gets to the ‘heart’ of irregular heartbeats

In a proof of concept study, scientists at Johns Hopkins report they have successfully performed 3D personalized virtual simulations of the heart to accurately identify where cardiac specialists should electrically destroy cardiac tissue to stop potentially fatal irregular and rapid heartbeats in patients with scarring in the heart.

Scientists create nano-size packets of genetic code aimed at brain cancer ‘seed’ cells

In a “proof of concept” study, scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say they have successfully delivered nano-size packets of genetic code called microRNAs to treat human brain tumors implanted in mice.

New ‘E-Dermis’ Brings Sense of Touch, Pain to Prosthetic Hands

The electronic ‘skin’ will enable amputees to perceive through prosthetic fingertips.

Grant Funds Collaborative Project to Find New Treatments for Liver Cancer

Researchers with the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine received a $3 million grant to use computational modeling and software to understand biological data, in combination with unique in vitro and animal studies, to better treat liver cancer.

C-Arms Bring 3-D to the OR

Jeff Siewerdsen and his team are advancing imaging technologies that will make surgery more precise and improve patient safety.

Decoding the brain’s learning machine

Uncovering the cerebellum’s “language” reveals workings of a biological learning machine

When There’s an Audience, People’s Performance Improves

Often people think performing in front of others will make them mess up, but a new study led by a Johns Hopkins University neuroscientist found the opposite: being watched makes people do better.

To Track Environmental Impact on Genome, Don’t Forget the “Epi” in Genetics Research

In a review article published April 5 in the New England Journal of Medicine, scientist Andrew Feinberg, M.D., calls for more integration between two fields of DNA-based research: genetics and epigenetics.

Why do some athletes choke under pressure? The answer lies deep in the brain

Olympians most likely to bring home the gold are those who find a way to stay focused, even when the stakes are high.

Lights, camera, action! New endomicroscopic probes visualize living animal cell activity

Johns Hopkins researchers report they have developed two new endoscopic probes that significantly sharpen the technology’s imaging resolution and permit direct observation of fine tissue structures and cell activity in small organs in sheep, rats, and mice.

Spinning for the win: Repetition helps Olympians stay oriented

Kathleen Cullen explains why years of practice allow elite athletes to train their brains so they can stay on balance after elaborate maneuvers.

Hopkins lab develops arrhythmia treatment

Natalia Trayanova and her team of scientists and engineers, have developed personalized 3D computational heart models. But these aren’t just the average, stagnant 3D models. These computational models can show a heart in rhythm.

New Johns Hopkins center aims to unlock genetic mysteries of breast cancer

Biomedical engineer Joel Bader and cell biologist Andrew Ewald have joined forces to make sense of some of the genetic mysteries behind breast cancer.

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