A fistula is defined as an abnormal connection between two organs. Some examples of common fistulas include ones formed in the urinary tract, anal cavity, and intestines. They typically develop as a result of infections, inflammations, childbirth, injuries, or surgeries. Once a fistula is formed, it eventually becomes lined with endothelial or epithelial cells, which makes it difficult for surgeons to close up the tract. If left unplugged for an extended period of time, fistulas can cause severe infection, nerve damage, and kidney disease. There are an estimated 50,000-100,000 new cases of fistulas every year. There currently is a method to close the fistulas (biosealant), however delivering the biosealant to the desired location and keeping it at the fistula is difficult and imprecise.
Johns Hopkins Biomedical Engineering
Engineering the Future of Medicine
